Many techniques have been used in achieving secure door systems, with the development of Internet of Things (IoT) and technologies, Access control systems grow differentially and rapidly. This paper proposes a novel reconfigurable embedded system called multiple-privileges access E-Door system (MPAES). Unlike existing E-Door systems, MPAES is developed in such a way that enables the administrator to set multiple access rules to the users. Moreover, a single e-door can be configured to be accessed by a single person or multiple people identification based on passive Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology. In addition, unlike the physical keys, the passive tags (keys) can be used to open or participate in opening multiple e-doors. Furthermore, The administrator could control and monitor the access events. In doing so, this paper gives the hardware and software components selection; the architectural design; and the concrete hardware prototyping and dynamic software implementation of the proposed MPAES. Finally, this paper gives the future direction in developing E-door systems.

Online Examination is an essential ingredient in electronic and interactive learning, however, in educational environment most of examinations are done in the classical paper-based way due to the lack of resumption capability when power/network/physical computer’s component failures. For this reason, adopting and developing an online examination system acts as an active research area in recent years. This paper reviews the state-of-the-art and the-art-of-the-practice for nine general-purpose online examination systems found in the literature, as well as, some dedicated industrial systems based on seven elected intertwined features; namely: secure login, resumption capability, multi-instructor, random question selection, random questions distribution, random choice distribution, and portability implementation method. Even though, the implementation of these systems is promising, however, these systems have some bleeding points. For instance, by practicing the existing examinations system, some challenging features are found and others are missing. Among these features; namely: the resumption capability and the combination of randomization features are missing in the reviewed systems. Fix and build from earlier works, this paper proposes an Online Examination System (OLES) that addresses all the elected features to facilitate adopting online examination. OLES is based on spiral model and TCP-IP client/server networking and implemented using Java programming language and Derby database. Finally, a comparison of the proposed OLES versus other related works to distinguish its unique features, and some recommendations for future work are provided.

This paper presents the real-time algorithm of moving objects tracking and detection using
region property and color segmentation. The real-time moving objects pathway finder is a
vital difficulty problem in human computer interface and video observation. The attitude of track and
detect moving objects using color characteristics and movements has introduced with new techniques for
automation. The tracking of video is a method of discovery the travelthing over specific reserve by use a
color camera to narrate target bodies in successive video borders. Respecting to frame rate, the
relationship could be especially troublesome in case of speedy moving of objects.In interchange case, the
issue grows of randomness is the time in case of the tracking objects varying the direction following
eventually. For this cases, the video tracking design model are classicallyexploit the progress model
willportrays process the image of the target when it change for characteristicimaginableobjects
movements. A development of tracking algorithm to the real time affecting bodies with unlike frames of
the videotape by use color characteristic and movement is investigated and produced in this work.

In this paper, the design and realization of motion detector system for house security based GSM network is presents. The development of microcontroller carried out intruder detection that supports tracking techniques to provide vital security with control and alert operation inside and outside the home. The pivot of security on the integration the motion detector and cameras into web applications has become more interested. The smart surveillance Pi camera obtain the input from the motion detector and controller which is send the video to the web server allowing the homeowner to access this video by use web applications. An intrusion alert send to the owner by mean of message via mobile and buzzers alarms located at suitable distance. This system is typify proficient video camera for remote sensing and tracking with live video for succeeding play again to offers efficient and easy implementation with omnipresent surveillance solution.

In recent years, finger vein recognition has taken noticeable attention. It is greatly employed for many applications due to its multiple advantages; for example: small and easy to use a scanning device, its accuracy and convenience compared to other hand-based biometric models. For years researchers presented promising finger vein recognition approaches, nevertheless, there are problems and challenges in finger vein localization, feature extraction, and identification. In this paper, we study twenty-two finger vein recognition systems and view the methods and the techniques for which these systems built to serve. the variety of methodologies of these systems reflects the differences in accuracy and performance for which it is vital to know which presented methods and proposed ways to reduce the outcome; so that more suitable techniques to be produced for building more robust systems

Video monitoring systems are undergoing an evolution from conventional analog to digital clarification to provide better rate and security over internet protocols. In addition, analog surveillance becomes insufficient to face enormous demand of security of system contains more than hundreds of camera often deployed in hotels environments far away from room control. This paper presents the design and simulation of a video monitoring scheme in excess of a transmission control protocol/internet protocol (TCP/IP) system using MATLAB. Sophisticated cameras could record directly high-definition digital videos based on digital technology which simply communicate the control room relaying on ordinary internet protocol infrastructure networks. This technology provides a flexible network interface over a wide variety of heterogeneous technology networks. Though, the acceptance of IP designed for video monitoring pretense severe difficulties in terms of power processing, system dependability, required bandwidth, and security of networks. The advantage of IP based video monitoring system has been investigated over conventional analog systems and the challenges of the method are described. The open research issues are still requiring a final solution to permits complete abandon against conventional technology of analog methods. In conclusion, the method to tackle the purpose of video monitoring in actual operation is proposed and verified properly by means of model simulation.

A key challenge of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) is congestion, this is because of the resource-constrained of WSN. The nodes that have one hop to the sink (node near the sink) have a chance of congestion because of the heavy data traffic through it to reach the sink when an event is detected. So the soft computing based on fuzzy logic is proposed. The proposed approach is called Fuzzy Logic Congestion Controller (FLCC) divided into 4 stages, (1) de-tecting and estimating the congestion as congestion level indications, (2) control the traffic rate using a fuzzy logic system, (3) adjust the rate of active nodes and (4) notify it by its new rate. With several qualities of service factors, such as packet loss ratio, remaining energy, buffer utilization, and throughput, FLCC was applied to determine proper weights among those factors. According to the simulation results, the proposed controller can avoid and estimate the conges-tion in WSN and show superior performance in terms of increased throughput, reduced packet loss, and balancing the overall energy consumption.

Microstrip array antennas are essentially for radar and communications systems. They are used to get a needed pattern that cannot be realized with a single element. This paper aims to design and simulate of rectangular microstrip patch array antenna 1 patch (1×1), 2 patches (1×2), and 4 patches (1×4) and improve the performance results. The proposed antenna is simulated by using electromagnetic simulation, computer software technology Microwave studio (CST) printed on Rogers RT5880 (lossy) substrate with dielectric constant 2.2, 0.0009 loss tangent, and thickness 0.1 mm. The simulation results show that the small patch antenna size (1.57 mm × 2 mm) for three designs works at dual bandwidth. The major target of this work is to accomplish an unusual directivity with improved gain for three antenna array designs.