Obviously the demand for higher data rates is increasing, and users are often complaining about Call ending problem or the coverage gaps or even decreasing in data rates while using the Internet. For that, mobile network developers have introduced multiple solutions and on multi levels in order to avoid those problems such as increase the bandwidth or the purchase of more frequencies or use advanced multiplexing techniques and improve FEC algorithms. This article discusses the impact of antenna tilting on the network performance so that we can through an integrated system connected to the core network, decrease/increase the tilt of base station antennas to increase/decrease a coverage area or do a load balancing between overcrowded cells after taking measurements from stations into account. Antenna tilting is considered an effective parameter in mobile network optimization process which specify the service area limitations in the cell and signal propagation which in turn effects on interference and fading within the network. It has become easy to control the antenna radiation pattern tilting for improving the network performance after inventing RET (Remote Electric Tilt) which allows the cell boundaries to be dynamic and controlled remotely, which enables the network to do tilt calibrations by itself.

This article focuses on designing and analyzing of spiral inductors parameters, which fabricated using MMIC technology in the frequency band (1 GHz to 16 GHz), because this band is used in most telecommunication systems. It has been studied the spiral inductors for many substrate materials and at different thicknesses, also for several values of metallic track width to analyze the effect of these parameters on quality factor Q, spiral inductance L and self-resonance frequency (SRF) using HFSS software (High Frequency Structure Simulator) which is specialist in designing and simulating these kinds of structures in research centers before proceeding to production line to save effort, time and cost. In this article, it has been noticed that the quality factor is greatly affected by substrate height, but it is not when changing the material type, also increasing the metallic track width will increase the quality factor. Inductance increases with frequency till SRF point then reacts as capacitance, and we can determine the inductance value by varying those parameters, also pay attention to fact that increasing the inductance will increase the quality factor in return.

In this paper, a simple quad-band patch antenna for mobile phone applications has been designed and simulated by introducing a rectangular slot and two arms in order to obtain multiband operation starting from [1.73 GHz-1.86 GHz] to [2 GHz – 2.57 GHz] then [3.24 GHz – 4.34 GHz] and the fourth band is [5.39 GHz – 5.84 GHz] which covers: LTE at (3-4-10-22-23-34-40-42-43 bands), UMTS at (AWS – EAWS- UMTS2100 – UMTS3500 bands), IMT-2000, DCS-1800, WiMax at (2300, 2500, 3300, 3500 bands), Bluetooth (2400 band IEEE 802,15.1 standard) and WiFi at the same band with (3600, 5500 bands) for IEEE 802.11a/b/g/n/y standards. This design is light weight, simple, low cost, small size, omnidirectional, and matched for 50 Ω impedance and its gain around 2.5 dBi. The proposed antenna is only 34 mm × 52 mm in area and built on FR4 substrate of thickness 1.6 mm which it is a common material in market, easy fabricated with PCP and compatible with MMIC technology. All results of resonant frequency, return loss, radiation patterns and gain are presented and performed using HFSS software.