This work proposes a pattern recognition model for static gestures in Malaysian Sign Language
(MSL) based on Machine Learning (ML) techniques. The proposed model is divided into two
phases, namely, data acquisition and data processing. The first phase involves capturing the
required sign data, such as the shape and orientation of the hand, to construct a sensor-based SL
dataset. The dataset is collected using a DataGlove device. This device is used to measure the
motions of the fingers and wrists. Sixty-four features represent each sign in the dataset. The
collected sensory dataset is cleaned in the second phase by removing redundant data. Then, the
features are scaled and normalized to exhibit symmetrical behavior and eliminate outliers. Then,
ten different ML techniques are utilized based on real-time data for SL gesture recognition.
Experimental results confirmed the efficacy of the proposed pattern recognition model compared
with previous work.

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are event-driven network systems consist of many sensors node which are
densely deployed and wirelessly interconnected that allow retrieving of monitoring data. In Wireless sensor network,
whenever an event is detected, the data related to the event need to be sent to the sink node (data collection node). Sink node
is the bottleneck of network there may be chance for congestion due to heavy data traffic. Due to congestion, it leads to data
loss; it may be important data also. To achieve this objective, soft computing based on Neural Networks (NNs) Congestion
Controller approach is proposed. The NN is activated using wavelet activation function that is used to control the traffic of
the WSN. The proposed approach which is called as Modified Neural Network Wavelet Congestion Control (MNNWCC), has
three main activities: the first one is detecting the congestion as congestion level indications; the second one is estimated the
traffic rate that the upstream traffic rate is adjusted to avoid congestion in next time, the last activates of the proposed
approach is improved the Quality of Services (QoS), by enhancement the Packet Loss Ratio (PLR), Throughput (TP), Buffer
Utilization (BU) and Network Energy (NE) . The simulation results show that the proposed approach can avoid the network
congestion and improve the QoS of network.

In this paper, the design and realization of motion detector system for house security based GSM network is presents. The development of microcontroller carried out intruder detection that supports tracking techniques to provide vital security with control and alert operation inside and outside the home. The pivot of security on the integration the motion detector and cameras into web applications has become more interested. The smart surveillance Pi camera obtain the input from the motion detector and controller which is send the video to the web server allowing the homeowner to access this video by use web applications. An intrusion alert send to the owner by mean of message via mobile and buzzers alarms located at suitable distance. This system is typify proficient video camera for remote sensing and tracking with live video for succeeding play again to offers efficient and easy implementation with omnipresent surveillance solution. 

This paper presents the real time algorithm of moving objects tracking and detection using region property and color segmentation. The real time of moving objects pathway finder is a vitaldifficultyproblem in human computersinterface and video observation. The attitude of track and detect a moving objects using color characteristic and movements has introduced with new techniques for automation. The tracking of video is a method of discovery the travelthing over specific reserve by use a color camera to narrate target bodies in successive video borders. Respecting to frame rate, the relationship could be especially troublesome in case of speedy moving of objects.In interchange case, the issue grows of randomness is the time in case of the tracking objects varying the direction following eventually. For this cases, the video tracking design model are classicallyexploit the progress model willportrays process the image of the target when it CHANGE for characteristicimaginableobjects movements. A development of tracking algorithm to the real time affecting bodies with unlike frames of the videotape by use color characteristic and movement is investigated and produced in this work.

The importance of image encryption has considerably increased especially after the dramatic evolution of the internet of things (IOT) and due to the simplicity of capturing and transferring digital images. Although there are several encryption approaches, chaos-based image encryption is considered the most appropriate approach for image applications because of its sensitivity to initial conditions and control parameters. This research aims at generating an encrypted image free of statistical information to make cryptanalysis infeasible. Therefore, a new method was introduced in this paper called Multi-layer Chaotic Maps (MLCM) based on confusion and diffusion. Basically, the confusion method uses the Sensitive Logistic Map (SLM), Hénon Map, and the additive white Gaussian noise to generate random numbers to be used in the pixel permutation method. However, the diffusion method uses Extended Bernoulli Map (EBM), Tinkerbell, Burgers, and Ricker maps to generate the random matrix. The correlation between adjacent pixels was minimized to have a very small value $(x 10-3)$. Besides, the keyspace was extended to be very large $left(2^{450} ight)$ considering the key sensitivity to hinder brute force attack. Finally, a histogram was idealized to be perfectly equal in all occurrences and the resulted information entropy was equal to the ideal value(8), which means that the resulted encrypted image is free of statistical properties in terms of histogram and information entropy. Based on the findings, the high randomness of the generated random sequences of the proposed confusion and diffusion methods is capable of producing a robust image encryption framework against all types of cryptanalysis attacks.

The present study is aiming to investigate crack presence in the rigid steel beam in order to take this in account in structural design .FEM has been used in ANSYS software to simulate whole steel body with three different frequencies with a magnitude force that subjected at the free end of the beam. Furthermore MATLAB has been conducted to find the crack by employing Fuzzy Logic. Both approach s has been governed by The Euler- Bernoulli theory for free vibration for motion equations. As well as the other main target of this study to evaluate results that has been got by ANSYS software with MATLAB coding for the same boundary conditions of the case.

Abstract. The aim of this paper is to determine the performance enhancement of the network
for eliminating congestion through the use of the benefits of algorithms. These algorithms can
be used in hindering the congestion which may occur within the network that relies on a
Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) protocol. This paper specifically focuses on
demonstrating the function of TCP, and most especially the four (slow start, congestion
avoidance, fast retransmit and fast recovery algorithms) that are applied in the control of
congestion. In the study, the varying effects of connection link from PPP DS1 to PPP DS3 on
the network’s performance are investigated.

Abstract— A wireless sensor network (WSN) has
significant applications such as monitoring the far
environmental and target tracking. This has been enabled
by the sensors that are smaller, cheaper, and intelligent.
These sensors are equipped with wireless interfaces that can
communicated with each other to form a network. The
design of a WSN depends significantly on the application,
and it must consider factors such as the environment, the
application’s design objectives, costs, hardware, and
system constraints. However, the nodes closer to the sink
in the network are overburdened with huge traffic loading
known as hot spot problem as the data from the total region
are forwarded through them to reach the sink node. As a
result, their energy gets consumed quickly and the network
is subdivided in to multiple region. This paper aims to study
the grid based random clustering and grid based static
clustering techniques in WSN and to evaluate the
performance and compare between them by via simulation.
The results show that grid based static clustering
outperforms random clustering in term of throughput by
22%, reduces energy consumption by 30%, and increase
residual energy by 20%. Thus, the network lifetime of the
WSN will be prolonged.

ABSTRACT
Article history:
Received May 13, 2019
Revised Jun 14, 2019
Accepted Jul 28, 2019
As the rapid growth of multimedia application over the Internet, it is essential to preserve the Quality of Service (QoS), which is certifying the guaranteed service through the Internet and representing the biggest challenges for the current IP based services. Multimedia traffic usage has been increased in relation to the streaming media such as video conferencing using OPNET, the performance can be simulated based on heavy and light scenarios for video conferencing including web traffic. The overall WLAN load data are obtained for such scenarios, also the performance of simulated overall Delay in the three scenario networks is measured.

The wireless control systems are taking a special importance in the recent years, where the wireless control system provide several advantages; including the disposal of the using wire and periodic maintenance of data transmission wires, in the science of robot wireless control unit is the main part of the fire treatment and extinguish robot system. The lives of firefighters exposed to the risk of death and Rima, therefore the use of remote control systems more secure is necessary. In this, paper a fire-extinguish robot used for extinguishing the fire in general and in treatment fires in the closed areas for protecting employees in the field of fire suppression from combustion, exposure or inhalation to the toxic gases. The basic idea of fire detection and treatment robot based on detect the fire by the wireless camera and flame sensor then suppression the fire by send command from mobile phone through Bluetooth connection to make water pump turn" ON", and the fire then extinguished.

The sudden increase in electrical current due to increased load or electric short circuit lead to the control panel damage in homes and companies or other institutions, and may also cause damage in the electric wires which carries the electric current, which may cause to electrical seam and then lead to the connected appliances damage to the same system as well as lead to the fire. In this, paper will build intelligent circuit breaker based on Arduino and necessary sensors such that current and voltage sensor and with help of LCD can print the result of voltage and current, the intelligent circuit breaker will monitor and control the consumption current due to various domestic loads or short circuit. In short, circuit condition the current is very large and the voltage approximately equal to zero, the Arduino receive these values from sensors then compare it with the threshold values to make the proper decision to protect system from damage and the same principle with increasing the load limit.

Identifying and harnessing energy sources that offer sustainability and reliability have been and continue to be constant challenges in the search for renewable energy resources. Many remote areas of Iraq have grown in recent years; however, nothing has been done to upgrade the power-producing facilities and distribution networks, because updating the system is highly expensive and beyond the capability of a remote area. Renewable energy resources such as solar and wind energy are clean and can be used extensively. Combining these sources with storage batteries can result in better, cleaner, economical and more reliable results compared to a single source. This paper proposes techno-economically feasible and optimal sizing for each component of a hybrid system to generate electricity to a typical house in Zerbattiya, a village located in southeastern 

This paper presents the real-time algorithm of moving objects tracking and detection using
region property and color segmentation. The real-time moving objects pathway finder is a
vital difficulty problem in human-computer interface and video observation. The attitude of track and
detect moving objects using color characteristics and movements has introduced new techniques for
automation. The tracking of video is a method of discovering the traveling over specific reserve by using a
color camera to narrate target bodies in successive video borders. Respecting to frame rate, the
relationship could be especially troublesome in the case of the speedy moving of objects. In interchange cases, the
issue grows of randomness is the time in case of the tracking objects varying the direction following
eventually. For these cases, the video tracking design model classically exploits the progress model
will portray the process of the image of the target when it changes for characteristic imaginable object
movements. Development of tracking algorithm to the real-time affecting bodies with unlike frames of
the videotape by use color characteristic and movement is investigated and produced in this work

In this paper, the design and realization of motion detector system for house security-based GSM network is presented. The development of microcontroller carried out intruder detection that supports tracking techniques to provide vital security with control and alert operation inside and outside the home. The pivot of security on the integration the motion detector and cameras into web applications has become more interested. The smart surveillance Pi camera obtain the input from the motion detector and controller which is send the video to the web server allowing the homeowner to access this video by use web applications. An intrusion alert send to the owner by mean of message via mobile and buzzers alarms located at suitable distance. This system is typify proficient video camera for remote sensing and tracking with live video for succeeding play again to offers efficient and easy implementation with omnipresent surveillance solution.

In recent years, finger vein recognition has taken a noticeable attention. It is greatly employed for many applications due to its multiple advantages; for example: small and easy to use scanning device, its accuracy and convenience compared to other hand-based biometric models. For years researcher presented promising finger vein recognition approaches, nevertheless, there are problems and challenges in finger vein localization, feature extraction and identification. In this paper, we study twenty two finger vein recognition systems and view the methods and the techniques for which these systems built to serve. the variety of methodologies of these systems are reflects the differences in accuracy and performance for which it is vital to know which presented methods and proposed ways to reduce the outcome; so that more suitable techniques to be produced for building more robust systems

Many techniques have been used in achieving secure door systems, with the development of Internet of Things (IoT) and technologies, Access control systems grow differentially and rapidly. This paper proposes a novel reconfigurable embedded system called multiple-privileges access E-Door system (MPAES). Unlike existing E-Door systems, MPAES is developed in such a way that enables the administrator to set multiple access rules to the users. Moreover, a single e-door can be configured to be accessed by a single person or multiple people identification based on passive Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology. In addition, unlike the physical keys, the passive tags (keys) can be used to open or participate in opening multiple e-doors. Furthermore, The administrator could control and monitor the access events. In doing so, this paper gives the hardware and software components selection; the architectural design; and the concrete hardware prototyping and dynamic software implementation of the proposed MPAES. Finally, this paper gives the future direction in developing E-door systems.

Online Examination is an essential ingredient in electronic and interactive learning, however, in educational environment most of examinations are done in the classical paper-based way due to the lack of resumption capability when power/network/physical computer’s component failures. For this reason, adopting and developing an online examination system acts as an active research area in recent years. This paper reviews the state-of-the-art and the-art-of-the-practice for nine general-purpose online examination systems found in the literature, as well as, some dedicated industrial systems based on seven elected intertwined features; namely: secure login, resumption capability, multi-instructor, random question selection, random questions distribution, random choice distribution, and portability implementation method. Even though, the implementation of these systems is promising, however, these systems have some bleeding points. For instance, by practicing the existing examinations system, some challenging features are found and others are missing. Among these features; namely: the resumption capability and the combination of randomization features are missing in the reviewed systems. Fix and build from earlier works, this paper proposes an Online Examination System (OLES) that addresses all the elected features to facilitate adopting online examination. OLES is based on spiral model and TCP-IP client/server networking and implemented using Java programming language and Derby database. Finally, a comparison of the proposed OLES versus other related works to distinguish its unique features, and some recommendations for future work are provided.

This paper presents the real-time algorithm of moving objects tracking and detection using
region property and color segmentation. The real-time moving objects pathway finder is a
vital difficulty problem in human computer interface and video observation. The attitude of track and
detect moving objects using color characteristics and movements has introduced with new techniques for
automation. The tracking of video is a method of discovery the travelthing over specific reserve by use a
color camera to narrate target bodies in successive video borders. Respecting to frame rate, the
relationship could be especially troublesome in case of speedy moving of objects.In interchange case, the
issue grows of randomness is the time in case of the tracking objects varying the direction following
eventually. For this cases, the video tracking design model are classicallyexploit the progress model
willportrays process the image of the target when it change for characteristicimaginableobjects
movements. A development of tracking algorithm to the real time affecting bodies with unlike frames of
the videotape by use color characteristic and movement is investigated and produced in this work.

Investigate the vibration of the rectangular plate related to the liquid, normal body frequency and modes shapes of cantilever plate without and with hole and perforate plate with 169 hole in air and contact of the water surface and immersed in water are presented using finite element method via ANSYS15 software. Acoustic model in three dimension domain is considered using APDL program to take the variables. The gotten comes about detailed the 6th plate normal body frequency and mode shapes which are based upon the behavior of the plate. In all cases, there are diminished with in the natural frequency of the fluid–structure framework. It can be concluded from our work that the exactness of the predicted frequencies utilizing our demonstrate is either exceptionally great or at slightest adequate for commonsense purposes.

The impact of utilizing Nanofluids with different metal oxide nanoparticles on heat transfer enhancement and fluid flow for concentration photovoltaic thermal the CPVT collector with Fresnel lens is demonstrated using CFD simulation. With the rising temperature, the electrical efficiency and output power of Multi-Junction Solar Cells drop. Four different types of nanofluids and water are utilized as cooling fluids to disperse heat from Multi-Junction Solar Cells by moving the fluid within the mini-channel beneath the PV Solar Cells. In the current analysis, the Reynolds numbers range from 2000 to 18000. For all forms of cooling fluids, the average Nusselt numbers are augmented by rising Reynolds numbers. The CFD results demonstrated that the Nusselt number of all nanofluid cooling fluids is greater than that of water. When compared to water in a CPVT collector, water-SiO2 nanofluid provides the maximum heat transfer improvement of 12.5%. The silicon dioxide nanoparticles have high thermal conductivity, with the water-SiO2 nanofluid exhibiting the greatest heat transfer increase, followed by water-Al2O3, water-ZnO, water-CuO, and water. The average top surface temperature of the mini-channel for the CPVT collector is reduced by 7% when water-SiO2 nanofluid is used as a cooling fluid and by 3.4% when water is used. The usage of water-SiO2 nanofluid has a significant impact on the heat dissipation with high heat transfer enhancement from Multi-Junction Solar Cells in CPVT collector, leading to an increase in electrical efficiency.

Investigate the vibration of the rectangular plate related to the liquid, normal body frequency and modes shapes of cantilever plate without and with hole and perforate plate with 169 hole in air and contact of the water surface and immersed in water are presented using finite element method via ANSYS15 software. Acoustic model in three dimension domain is considered using APDL program to take the variables. The gotten comes about detailed the 6th plate normal body frequency and mode shapes which are based upon the behavior of the plate. In all cases, there are diminished with in the natural frequency of the fluid–structure framework. It can be concluded from our work that the exactness of the predicted frequencies utilizing our demonstrate is either exceptionally great or at slightest adequate for commonsense purposes.

In this work, a novel single-slope solar distillator of floating perforated absorber
inserted with wicks (cotton ribbons), and a stepped distillator are designed and
manufactured with the aim of developing the conventional distillator. They are
examined experimentally at Baghdad, Iraq (33.3°N Latitude, 44.4°E Longitude) in order
to enhance the freshwater productivity and the efficiency of the conventional
distillator. Results showed that the daily productivity and efficiency of the stepped
distillator are higher than that for conventional solar distillator by 30% and 36.19%
respectively. The daily productivity and thermal efficiency for the distillator with the
floating absorber are higher than that for the conventional distillator by 16% and 26%
respectively. Daily productivity and the efficiency of the stepped distillator are higher
than that for the distillator with floating absorber by 11.8 % and 32.9 % respectively. It
has been concluded that the stepped distillator is higher productivity and efficiency
than the conventional distilled and the distillator with the floating absorber.

Flow and heat transfer are simulated numerically in a 3-dimensional square duct supplied with circular turbulators for different values of the turbulator height to the duct height (Blocking ratio BR). The investigated blocking ratios of these circular obstacles are 0.1, 0.15 and 0.2. Reynolds number for all cases is fixed at 5477. Top and bottom faces of the duct in the test region are subjected to 200 W/m2 heat flux. Turbulators number effect is examined in a range of (1-2-5-7). The fixing angle is taken of range (0, 30, and 45). The influence of these parameters on both heat transfer and fluid flow are examined. Ansys-Fluent 18 is implemented to perform the numerical simulation. The simulation of fluid flow is performed using realizable k-ε turbulence model. It was found that the presence of these turbulators has a significant effect on the heat transfer. Further that the heat transfer rate directly proportional to the blocking ratio, number of turbulators, and fixing angle. In general, the enhancement ratio of heat transfer could reach 30%.

In this work, bismuth oxide nanoparticles (Bi2O3NPs) are preparation by laser ablation at diverse laser energy 200, 400, 600 and 800 mJ with 100 shots and laser wavelength 1064 nm then deposited on porous silicon (PS). X-ray diffraction (XRD) study revealed that Bi2O3NPs is crystalline and belong to α-phase with monoclinic symmetry. Atomic force microscope (AFM) study results for PS showed sponge like structure, and for Bi2O3NPs appears an average diameter of 31.09 nm coordinated in a rod-like shape, are watching and electrical properties are carried out to describe the samples. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectra showed the oxidation of PS substrate resulting in the passivating of the surface states and for Bi2O3NPs/PS confirming the presence of Bi-O bond. The electrical properties such as barrier height (ΦB) and ideal factor (n) of the Al/PS/ Si/Al and Al/Bi2O3NPs/PS/Si/Al heterojunction were calculated from the current–voltage (I-V) measurements.

In this paper, synthesis and characterizing of bismuth oxide nanoparticles (Bi2O3NPs) are synthesized by laser ablation at different laser pulses energy 200, 400, 600 and 800 mJ with 100 shots and laser wavelength 1064 nm and porous silicon (PS) was presented. Scanning electron Microscopy (SEM), x-ray diffraction (XRD), UV–vis-NIR spectrophotometer and electrical properties are used to characterize the products. The results show X- ray patterns analysis and improve the crystalline structure of Bi2O3 nanoparticles which relate to α- phase and monoclinic symmetry. SEM image shows approximate spherical particles with a little agglomeration for both samples. From results transmittance of Bi2O3NPs suspension with energy bandgaps ranging from the infrared up to near-ultraviolet can be obtained, depending on their structure and morphology. Based on these results, we demonstrated enhanced performance of Bi2O3NPs/PS photoddetectors over a broad range of wavelengths

In this work, preparation and characterization of Bi2O3 nanoparticles (Bi2O3NPs) by laser ablation in liquid at various laser energy 200, 400, 600 and 800 mJ. X-ray diffraction (XRD) investigation is appeared broad diffraction peak when the size of the crystal becomes inside nanometer. Scanning electron Microscopy (SEM) study results for porous silicon (PS) showed sponge like structure and Bi2O3NPs nanoparticles appear as bright spots. Observed the reflectivity of Bi2O3NPs on PS is less than Si bulk and PS, however. From Raman result show peaks at 81 cm−1 and 303 cm−1 , are the specific bands of α-Bi2O3. The band at 303 cm−1 , are assumed to be because of Bi–O stretches. The electrical properties such as barrier height (ΦB) and ideality factor (n) of the Al/Bi2O3NPs/PS/Si/Al heterojunction were determined from the current–voltage (I-V) measurements. Finally, the variation of operation temperature of NO2 gas sensors which fabricated from the prepared samples on sensor sensitivity, response time and recover time have been studied, and the maximum sensitivity was about 71 % for Bi2O3NPs ablated by laser energy 600 mJ on PS.

: Since March 11, 2020, the WHO has announced a global pandemic due to COVID-19, triggered by the serious, intense respiratory disease coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Therefore, the necessity to design a temperature sensor-based breathing monitoring system increased. In this work, a new device is designed to detect the temperature of the exhaled air outside the human body is subject to the techniques of the Internet of Things and respiratory monitoring applications. These readings are recorded based on the patient’s condition diagnosed. In addition, the new device can monitor and record the change in the patient’s temperature by using the Internet of Medical Think application. As a result, this device would be able to trace changes in body temperature accompanied by the symptoms of the Covid-19 infection