New series of sulfamethoxazole containing -4-thiazolidinone ring (compounds IV(a-f)) have been synthesized and evaluated for their antibacterial activity against gram positive bacteria & gram negative bacteria. These compounds expected to have higher antibacterial activity than sulfamethoxazole, due to the presence of 4-thiazolidinone pharmacophore.
The purity of the synthesized compounds was detected by determination of physical properties (melting points &Rf values). The chemical structure of the intermediate and final compounds was characterized and confirmed by measuring FT-IR spectroscopy, elemental microanalysis (CHNS) and 1H-Nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) spectroscopy.
The preliminary study of antimicrobial activity of the final compounds were evaluated by well diffusion method. All tested compounds exert significant antibacterial activity against gram positive bacteria and gram negative bacteria especially Escherichia coli, Klebsiellapneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyougenes, which compared to DMSO as control, and sulfamethoxazole as standard.
In comparison of the antibacterial activity results among the tested compounds, the results showed that compound (IVf) may regard the best one and compound (IVc) the lower one. These results encourage further evaluation of these compounds for different antimicrobial activities.

To develop novel anti-inflammatory scaffolds, a new series of 4, 5-dihydro-1H- pyrazole-1-yl acetate derivatives synthesized through different chemical reactions and validated employing spectral and elemental data. To examine the interactions of these derivatives, which are thought to have anti-inflammatory effects, with cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) enzyme, docking studies were carried out on this enzyme. COX-2 enzyme (3LN1) was selected from the protein data bank for docking studies. The molecular docking study was applied by using Glide docking tool under Schrodinger (Maestro 11.1) software (Schrodinger, 2017). As a result of the docking process on COX-2 enzymes, the 4, 5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole ring was found to be important in its interactions with the COX-2 enzyme. The inclusion of a bulky group in the construct may eliminate some interactions with the COX-2 enzyme. To better elucidate the inhibition properties of enzymes, this study should be supported by in vitro and in vivo COX inhibition tests.

A series of nine novel 4, 5-dihydro-1H- pyrazole-1-yl acetate derivatives (IVa-i) by Shahlaa et al. was investigated in vitro for their antiproliferative activity against two cancer cell lines, breast cancer cell line (MCF-7) and lung cancer cell lines (A549), According to the cytotoxicity effect of these compounds, IVa, IVc and IVi compounds have antiproliferative effect with percentage (81.30%, 87.4% & 54.66%) respectively at 72h treatment on MCF-7 cell line compared to other compounds, these results indicate that the new compound IVc have the higher antiproliferative percent comparable to tamoxifen as a standard anti-tumour for oestrogen receptor positive breast cancer cell line after 72h followed by IVa after 72h (83.31%). cytotoxicity effect of compound IVb was highest among tested compounds on lung cancer cell line (A549) with antiproliferative percentage (58.49% & 75.04%) at 48 & 72h respectively, but it is less than erlotinib as a standard anti-tumour for lung cancer cell line cytotoxicity effect (77.10% & 82.46%) at these times. three compounds (IVa, IVc & IVi) have antiproliferative effect on breast cancerous cell line (MCF-7) and compound (IVc) have inhibition percentage comparable to that of the authorized medication Tamoxifen. One compound (IVb) had antiproliferative activity, but less than that of erlotinib on lung cancerous cell line (A549) and there is good agreement between our docking results and the experimental results.

The used Resveratrol-Thiadiazol derivatives (A, B, C) were prepared and characterized by 1H-13C NMR and FT-IR spectroscopies. This study used two cell lines for cytotoxicity testing: ?MCF-7 (Human Breast Cancer Cells) and WRL-68 (Human Normal Liver Cells), The result of anticancer study showed ?that derivative C had significant selectivity on MCF-7 used in this study even in very low concentration used to evaluate ?the anticancer activity while derivatives A and B showed non-significant selectivity on MCF-7 in low concentration while ?in high concentration showed small selectivity which may be negligible, this selectivity determined according to the comparison between: MCF-7 (Human Breast Cancer Cells) and WRL-68 (Human Normal Liver Cells).